Signs of mold growth in the drain pan include visible black or green spots, musty odors, and water staining around the pan. You may also notice increased humidity or condensation around the HVAC unit. To confirm mold growth, inspect the pan and surrounding areas for signs of moisture accumulation, and check for any blockages or restrictions in the drain line. If you suspect mold growth, it’s essential to address the issue promptly to prevent further damage and health risks.