During the Renaissance, there was a renewed interest in classical knowledge and innovation, which led to significant advancements in HVAC technology. In France, for example, architects and engineers developed more sophisticated heating systems, including the use of hot water and steam to warm buildings. This period also saw the introduction of new materials, such as copper and iron, which were used to construct more efficient and durable HVAC systems. The Renaissance marked a turning point in the evolution of HVAC technology, as it laid the groundwork for the development of modern heating and cooling systems.