What are some common pipe insulation materials, and how do they compare in terms of performance and cost?

Common pipe insulation materials include fiberglass, foam insulation, and refractory ceramic insulation. Each material has its own performance characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. For example, fiberglass is a cost-effective option with moderate thermal resistance, while foam insulation offers higher thermal resistance but may be more expensive. Refractory ceramic insulation, on the other hand, provides high thermal resistance and is often used in high-temperature applications. Engineers should consider factors such as temperature range, pipe size, and budget when selecting the most suitable pipe insulation material for their application.