HVAC professionals use various tools and equipment to diagnose and repair refrigerant charge issues, including refrigerant leak detectors, pressure gauges, thermometers, and multimeters. Other tools include vacuum pumps, charging scales, and recovery machines. These tools enable technicians to detect refrigerant leaks, measure system pressures and temperatures, and recover and recharge refrigerant as needed. By using the right tools and equipment, HVAC professionals can efficiently diagnose and repair refrigerant charge issues, ensuring optimal system performance and energy efficiency.