Water flow rate in HVAC systems is commonly expressed in gallons per minute (GPM), liters per second (L/s), or cubic meters per hour (m³/h). To convert between these units, engineers can use the following conversion factors: 1 GPM ≈ 0.063 L/s ≈ 0.227 m³/h. Accurate unit conversions are essential to ensure correct calculations and system design.