Typical Piping For Steam Heating

The piping and radiator connections shown in this section are diagrammatic and illustrate the proper method of making piping connections in steam heating processes.

Table of Contents

Two pipe steam systems radiator connections

Radiator connections taken from up or downfeed risers

Dripping heel of downfeed riser into dry return

Connections to ceiling radiator located above supply & return

Connections to ceiling radiators with return bled into wet return

Piping connections for unit heaters (steam)

Vacuum or low pressure open gravity system

Unit heater connections for two pipe gravity or vacuum system

Unit heater connections for two pipe gravity or vacuum system with supply branch dripped through trap

Two pipe– steam trap installations

Dripping end of supply main into dry return

Dripping drop riser or end of main into dry return

Two Pipe Steam Systems Convector Connections

Exposed Pipe Coils– Two Pipe Steam

Connections to header coils of not over 8 pipes

Connections to header coils having more than 8 pipes

One pipe steam systems radiator connections

Downfeed connections dripping riser into condensation pump return

Radiator connection taken from up or downfeed riser

One pipe steam systems convector connections

Dripping end of one pipe steam main where same extends beyond wet return

Expansion joint made up of pipe for horizontal pipes–dripped into wet return

Expansion joint made up of pipe for horizontal pipes–not dripped

One pipe steam systems convector connections

Venting concealed radiator of header type–air vent tapping in top

Method of taking double radiator branch connections from riser

Drop riser branch taken from top of main at 45°

Expansion joint made up of pipe for risers

Upfeed branch connection taken from main at 45°

Riser branch taken from bottom of main and dripped into wet return

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

What are the key considerations for designing two-pipe steam systems radiator connections?

When designing two-pipe steam systems radiator connections, it’s essential to consider the steam supply and condensate return piping, as well as the radiator’s steam inlet and outlet connections. Properly sizing the pipes and ensuring correct pipe orientation are critical to prevent water hammer, noise, and inefficient heat transfer. Additionally, the steam trap installation should be carefully planned to ensure proper condensate removal and minimize steam loss.

How do one-pipe steam systems differ from two-pipe systems in terms of radiator connections?

One-pipe steam systems have a single pipe that supplies steam to the radiator and returns condensate, whereas two-pipe systems have separate pipes for steam supply and condensate return. One-pipe systems require a specialized radiator design with a built-in steam trap and condensate return mechanism, whereas two-pipe systems use external steam traps and separate condensate return piping. This fundamental difference affects the piping layout, radiator design, and overall system operation.

What are the benefits of using steam traps in two-pipe steam systems?

Steam traps in two-pipe steam systems provide several benefits, including efficient condensate removal, reduced steam loss, and minimized energy waste. By automatically draining condensate from the system, steam traps help maintain optimal steam pressure, reduce pipe corrosion, and prevent water hammer. This leads to improved system reliability, reduced maintenance, and increased overall efficiency.

How do unit heaters differ from radiators in terms of piping connections?

Unit heaters and radiators have distinct piping connections due to their different operating principles. Unit heaters typically require a steam supply connection and a condensate return connection, whereas radiators often have a single steam inlet connection and rely on internal piping to distribute steam and collect condensate. The piping connections for unit heaters must be designed to accommodate the heater’s specific flow rates and pressure drops.

What are the common mistakes to avoid when installing piping connections for steam heating systems?

Common mistakes to avoid when installing piping connections for steam heating systems include undersizing pipes, incorrect pipe orientation, and improper steam trap installation. Additionally, failing to properly insulate pipes, neglecting to install necessary valves and fittings, and ignoring system pressure testing can lead to inefficient system operation, energy waste, and even safety hazards. It’s essential to follow established design guidelines and best practices to ensure a reliable and efficient steam heating system.

How do exposed pipe coils differ from traditional radiator connections in steam heating systems?

Exposed pipe coils, also known as “fin tube” radiators, differ from traditional radiator connections in that they use a series of pipes with fins to increase heat transfer surface area. This design allows for more efficient heat transfer and can be used in applications where space is limited. However, exposed pipe coils require careful design and installation to ensure proper steam distribution, condensate removal, and system balancing.

What are the advantages of using convectors in steam heating systems?

Convector units in steam heating systems offer several advantages, including high heat transfer rates, compact design, and flexibility in installation. Convector units can be used in a variety of applications, from small spaces to large commercial buildings, and can be designed to accommodate different steam pressures and flow rates. Additionally, convectors can be easily integrated into existing steam heating systems, making them a popular choice for retrofits and upgrades.