الأساسيات والهندسة
بناء المضخة (الجزء الأول)
In 1689 the physicist Denis Papin invented the centrifugal pump and today this kind of pump is the most used around the world. The centrifugal pump is built on a simple principle: Liquid is led to the impeller hub and by means of the centrifugal force it is flung towards the periphery of the impellers. The construction is fairly inexpensive, robust and simple and its high speed makes it possible to connect the pump directly to an asynchronous motor.
اختيار صمامات التمدد
The expansion valve regulates the amount of compressed liquid refrigerant moving into the evaporator. It removes pressure from the liquid refrigerant to allow expansion or change of state from a liquid to a gas in the evaporator. In order to properly select Expansion Valves one should pay attention to the items that we mention in this post.
مطرقة الماء (الجزء الأول)
Under unfavorable circumstances, damage due to water hammer may occur in pipelines measuring more than one hundred meters and conveying only several tenths of a liter per second. But even very short, unsupported pipelines in pumping stations can be damaged by resonant vibrations if they are not properly anchored. By contrast, the phenomenon is not very common in building services systems, e.g. in heating and drinking water supply pipelines, which typically are short in length and have a small cross-section.
أنبوب الماء مقابل غلايات أنبوب النار
غلايات أنبوب المياه ومراجل أنبوب النار هي نوعان مختلفان من غلايات البخار التي تستخدم عادة في التطبيقات الصناعية والتجارية. يستخدم كلا النوعين من الغلايات نظامًا من الأنابيب لتوليد البخار ، لكنهما يختلفان في الطريقة التي يتم بها ترتيب الأنابيب والطريقة التي تمر بها الغازات الساخنة من الموقد عبر الأنابيب.
صيغ التبريد والحسابات
These formulas are commonly used in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning to calculate various performance parameters of a refrigeration system such as compression work, compression power, coefficient of performance, net refrigeration effect, capacity, compressor displacement, heat of compression, volumetric efficiency, and compression ratio. These formulas are based on the thermodynamics principles and are generally used to evaluate the performance of the refrigeration system and to optimize its design.
The coefficient of velocity (Cv)
Cv, or coefficient of velocity, is a measure of the flow capacity of a valve. It represents the number of gallons per minute (GPM) of water at 60°F that will flow through a valve with a one-inch opening at a pressure drop of one pound per square inch (PSI). Cv can be calculated using various formulas, such as the one based on water at 60F and one that takes into account the specific gravity of the fluid. Cv is a theoretical value and it may vary depending on the actual conditions of the valve. When selecting a valve for a specific application, it is important to consider the Cv in relation to the flow rate and pressure drop requirements of the system, as well as other factors such as ease of maintenance, cost, and safety.
دليل عزل الأنابيب
يعد عزل الأنابيب أمرًا بالغ الأهمية للحفاظ على كفاءة الطاقة ، والتحكم في درجة الحرارة ، والتحكم في التكثيف ، وتقليل الضوضاء ، والسلامة. يوفر ASHRAE توصيات سماكة محددة لأحجام الأنابيب المختلفة ونطاقات درجة الحرارة في 90.1 القياسية. عند اختيار عزل الأنابيب بناءً على معايير ASHRAE ، من المهم مراعاة درجة الحرارة وحجم الأنبوب والاعتبارات البيئية ومقاومة الحرائق وكفاءة الطاقة.
أنابيب التبريد - الجزء 2
In this post, we will be continuing our comprehensive training on how to size refrigerant piping. We will cover all the important aspects of this process, including determining the pipe size, pressure drop, and other factors. We will also discuss topics such as sizing refrigerant lines, equivalent length for refrigerant lines, and how to determine equivalent length. With this training, you will have the knowledge and confidence to size refrigerant piping accurately and correctly in any situation.
المعايير والامتثال
HVAC Load Estimation: Internal Heat Gain from Infrastructure Components (Pipes, Ducts, Tanks, AC Motors)
Complete guide to internal heat gain from HVAC infrastructure components including pipes, ducts, tanks, and motors using Carrier standards for accurate load estimation and system design.
تقدير حمل التدفئة والتهوية وتكييف الهواء: كسب الحرارة الداخلية من المعدات والأجهزة
Complete guide to internal heat gain from equipment and appliances in HVAC load estimation using ASHRAE, CIBSE, and Carrier standards for accurate system sizing and equipment integration.
تقدير حمل HVAC: زيادة الحرارة الداخلية من الإضاءة
Complete guide to internal heat gain from lighting systems in HVAC load estimation using ASHRAE, CIBSE, and Carrier standards for accurate system sizing and lighting-HVAC integration.
تقدير تحميل HVAC: القيم الزجاجية u وقيم معامل التظليل (SC)
Complete guide to glazing U-values and shading coefficients for HVAC load estimation using ASHRAE, CIBSE, and Carrier standards for accurate fenestration thermal and solar analysis.
تقدير أحمال التدفئة والتهوية وتكييف الهواء: قيم البناء للجدران والأسقف والفواصل
Complete guide to construction U-values for walls, roofs, and partitions in HVAC load estimation using ASHRAE, CIBSE, and Carrier standards for accurate thermal analysis.
عمليات القياس النفسي لأنظمة التدفئة والتهوية وتكييف الهواء: الرسوم البيانية والحسابات وتطبيقات معالجة الهواء
Complete guide to psychrometric processes in HVAC design covering sensible/latent cooling, heating, humidification, dehumidification, and evaporative cooling using ASHRAE and CIBSE standards.
HVAC Cooling and Heating Load Estimation: Outdoor Conditions and Climate Data
Comprehensive guide to outdoor climate data for HVAC load estimation using ASHRAE, CIBSE, and Carrier standards. Essential weather parameters for accurate system sizing and energy analysis.
استراتيجية اختيار وتصميم نظام التدفئة والتهوية وتكييف الهواء: المعايير والمبادئ التوجيهية المهنية
Comprehensive guide to HVAC system selection and design strategy using ASHRAE, SMACNA, and Carrier standards. Learn professional methodologies for optimal system selection and performance optimization.
معادلات تصميم التدفئة والتهوية وتكييف الهواء: حسابات الهواء والمروحة والمضخة والنظام الهيدروليكي
Comprehensive guide to essential HVAC design equations covering air, fan, pump, and hydronic system calculations. Reference standards from SMACNA, ASHRAE, and Carrier for professional engineering applications.
الأدوات والموارد الرقمية
حاسبة تحميل HVAC-R: أداتك الأساسية لتغيير حجم النظام الدقيق
تجمع الآلة الحاسبة الجديدة المستندة إلى الويب بين مبادئ الهندسة المتطورة مع واجهة بديهية ، مما يجعل حسابات الحمل الدقيقة في متناول الجميع من الطلاب إلى المهنيين المتمرسين. على عكس مقدري الأقطار المربعة الأساسية ، تدرس أدائنا العديد من العوامل التي تؤثر على متطلبات التدفئة والتبريد.
الرسم البياني النفسي التفاعلي
The aim of this web app is to create an interactive psychrometric chart on which you can project a range of comfort metrics as well as mapping weather data or room air conditions calculated using EnergyPlus. You can add or remove lines for a range of different metrics or highlight them individually to assist with dynamic explanations or presentations.
تم تمويل HVAC-R بسيطًا: تقديم آلة حاسبة المعدات الذكية لدينا
we’ve developed a comprehensive HVAC-R Equipment Financing Calculator that goes beyond basic loan calculations to include industry-specific considerations like energy savings, equipment efficiency, and available tax incentives
قم بتنزيل ظروف تصميم الطقس (ASHRAE)
Discover ASHRAE Handbook weather stations with our comprehensive search tool. Optimize HVAC and equipment design, sizing, distribution, and installation for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Enhance your energy-related projects across various sectors, including agriculture, by leveraging accurate climatic data.