Fundamentals & Engineering
Direct-to-Chip Liquid Cooling: The Future of High-Density Data Center Thermal Management
Data center power densities have surged to 12-30 kW per rack, making liquid cooling essential. Learn how single-phase and two-phase direct-to-chip systems work, refrigerant selection criteria, and critical design considerations for hoses, tubing, and couplings in modern high-density data centers.
Ductwork Air Flow Balancing
Balancing air systems (ductwork) may be accomplished in various ways. The most common method to accomplish ductwork balancing is Proportional Method. Each diffuser is adjusted to supply the right percentage of total air volume in the ductwork.
Valve Characteristics
Why do we need to be aware of the valve characteristics? Every component in a hydronic system has some level of influence on the control and performance of a hydronic system. Valves are key because they are the controlling devices at the critical areas of heat transfer.
Major Hvac Systems and Equipment
A comprehensive list of all the major HVAC system types and related equipment
Copeland Refrigeration Manuals Download
This is a five series of publications comprising the Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Refrigeration Manual. Although each separate part covers a specific area of refrigeration theory and practice, each successive publication presumes a basic understanding of the material presented in the previous sections.
Ice Storage Systems
Thermal energy storage (TES) involves adding heat (thermal) energy to a storage medium, and then removing it from that medium for use at some other time. This may involve storing thermal energy at high temperatures (heat storage) or at low temperatures (cool storage).
Refrigerant Piping Requirements
This guide focuses on systems that use Refrigerant-22 (R-22). While the general requirements are the same for systems that use other refrigerants, velocities and pressure drops will differ.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Method
The life-cycle cost analysis method is the most commonly accepted method to assess the economic benefits of energy conservation projects over their lifetime. Typically, the method is used to evaluate at least two alternatives of a given project (for instance, evaluate two alternatives for the installation of a new HVAC system: a VAV system or a heat pump system to condition the building). Only one alternative will be selected for implementation based on the economic analysis.
Standards & Compliance
HVAC Code Standard Reference – General: Building Classifications and Occupancy Requirements
Essential guide to HVAC code standards for building classifications and occupancy requirements. Learn how to apply NFPA 101 and ASHRAE 62.1 standards for proper system design and code compliance.
Understanding District Heating: Efficient Energy Distribution Systems for Sustainable Urban Applications – Technical Overview, Installation, Maintenance, and Standards for HVAC-R Professionals
Discover the benefits of district heating in HVAC systems: efficient energy distribution, reduced costs, and integration with renewable sources for sustainable urban development.
ASHRAE Guidelines on HVAC Equipment Life Expectancy
Explore ASHRAE life expectancy of HVAC equipment and learn how it guides maintenance and replacement strategies for efficient building management.
Digital Tools & Resources
Psychrometric Programming Functions
ibrary of psychrometric functions to calculate thermodynamic properties of air for Python, C, C#, Fortran, JavaScript and VBA/Excel
Carrier Hap Software
Carrier’s Hourly Analysis Program is two powerful tools in one package – versatile features for designing HVAC systems for commercial buildings AND powerful energy analysis capabilities for comparing energy consumption and operating costs of design alternatives.
Trace 700 Software
TRACE 700 enables building designers to optimize the building, system and equipment designs on the basis of energy utilization and life-cycle cost. The Trane software for TRACE 700 facilitates analysis of the energy and economic effects of virtually any chiller plant configuration by allowing users to manipulate a wide range of variables and create a profile of their specific building.
Download EVAP-COND 5.0: The Ultimate Heat Exchanger Simulation Tool for HVAC Engineers
Whether you’re designing a new heat exchanger, optimizing an existing system, or researching alternative refrigerants, EVAP-COND provides the detailed analysis capabilities needed to make informed decisions. I encourage all HVAC engineers and researchers to explore this powerful simulation tool and experience firsthand how it can transform your approach to heat exchanger design.
Heat Transfer Textbook Download
The book is meant for juniors, seniors, and first-year graduate students. And to those who choose to learn the subject on their own, and to practicing engineers who use it as a reference. Whether one studies alone or with a class, learning means posing, then answering, one’s own questions.