اصول و مهندسی
Pump Construction (Part1)
In 1689 the physicist Denis Papin invented the centrifugal pump and today this kind of pump is the most used around the world. The centrifugal pump is built on a simple principle: Liquid is led to the impeller hub and by means of the centrifugal force it is flung towards the periphery of the impellers. The construction is fairly inexpensive, robust and simple and its high speed makes it possible to connect the pump directly to an asynchronous motor.
Expansion Valves Selection
The expansion valve regulates the amount of compressed liquid refrigerant moving into the evaporator. It removes pressure from the liquid refrigerant to allow expansion or change of state from a liquid to a gas in the evaporator. In order to properly select Expansion Valves one should pay attention to the items that we mention in this post.
Water Hammer (Part1)
Under unfavorable circumstances, damage due to water hammer may occur in pipelines measuring more than one hundred meters and conveying only several tenths of a liter per second. But even very short, unsupported pipelines in pumping stations can be damaged by resonant vibrations if they are not properly anchored. By contrast, the phenomenon is not very common in building services systems, e.g. in heating and drinking water supply pipelines, which typically are short in length and have a small cross-section.
Water Tube Versus Fire Tube Boilers
Water tube boilers and fire tube boilers are two different types of steam boilers that are commonly used in industrial and commercial applications. Both types of boilers use a system of tubes to generate steam, but they differ in the way that the tubes are arranged and the way that the hot gases from the burner pass through the tubes.
Refrigeration Formulas and Calculations
These formulas are commonly used in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning to calculate various performance parameters of a refrigeration system such as compression work, compression power, coefficient of performance, net refrigeration effect, capacity, compressor displacement, heat of compression, volumetric efficiency, and compression ratio. These formulas are based on the thermodynamics principles and are generally used to evaluate the performance of the refrigeration system and to optimize its design.
The coefficient of velocity (Cv)
Cv, or coefficient of velocity, is a measure of the flow capacity of a valve. It represents the number of gallons per minute (GPM) of water at 60°F that will flow through a valve with a one-inch opening at a pressure drop of one pound per square inch (PSI). Cv can be calculated using various formulas, such as the one based on water at 60F and one that takes into account the specific gravity of the fluid. Cv is a theoretical value and it may vary depending on the actual conditions of the valve. When selecting a valve for a specific application, it is important to consider the Cv in relation to the flow rate and pressure drop requirements of the system, as well as other factors such as ease of maintenance, cost, and safety.
Pipe Insulation Guideline
Pipe insulation is crucial for maintaining energy efficiency, temperature control, condensation control, noise reduction, and safety. ASHRAE provides specific thickness recommendations for different pipe sizes and temperature ranges in its standard 90.1. When selecting pipe insulation based on ASHRAE standards, it’s important to consider the temperature, pipe size, environmental considerations, fire resistance, and energy efficiency.
Refrigerant Piping – part2
In this post, we will be continuing our comprehensive training on how to size refrigerant piping. We will cover all the important aspects of this process, including determining the pipe size, pressure drop, and other factors. We will also discuss topics such as sizing refrigerant lines, equivalent length for refrigerant lines, and how to determine equivalent length. With this training, you will have the knowledge and confidence to size refrigerant piping accurately and correctly in any situation.
استانداردها و انطباق
HVAC Code Standard Reference – General: Building Classifications and Occupancy Requirements
Essential guide to HVAC code standards for building classifications and occupancy requirements. Learn how to apply NFPA 101 and ASHRAE 62.1 standards for proper system design and code compliance.
Understanding District Heating: Efficient Energy Distribution Systems for Sustainable Urban Applications – Technical Overview, Installation, Maintenance, and Standards for HVAC-R Professionals
Discover the benefits of district heating in HVAC systems: efficient energy distribution, reduced costs, and integration with renewable sources for sustainable urban development.
ASHRAE Guidelines on HVAC Equipment Life Expectancy
Explore ASHRAE life expectancy of HVAC equipment and learn how it guides maintenance and replacement strategies for efficient building management.
ابزارها و منابع دیجیتال
توابع برنامه ریزی روان سنجی
مجموعه توابع سایکرومتری برای محاسبه خواص ترمودینامیکی هوا برای Python، C، C#، Fortran، JavaScript و VBA/Excel
نرم افزار Carrier Hap
برنامه تحلیل ساعتی Carrier دو ابزار قدرتمند در یک بسته است – ویژگی های همه کاره برای طراحی سیستم های HVAC برای ساختمان های تجاری و قابلیت های قدرتمند تجزیه و تحلیل انرژی برای مقایسه مصرف انرژی و هزینه های عملیاتی جایگزین های طراحی.
نرم افزار Trace 700
TRACE 700 طراحان ساختمان را قادر می سازد تا طرح های ساختمان، سیستم و تجهیزات را بر اساس مصرف انرژی و هزینه چرخه عمر بهینه کنند. نرم افزار Trane برای TRACE 700 تجزیه و تحلیل انرژی و اثرات اقتصادی تقریباً هر پیکربندی کارخانه چیلر را با اجازه دادن به کاربران برای دستکاری طیف گسترده ای از متغیرها و ایجاد نمایه ای از ساختمان خاص خود تسهیل می کند.
دانلود EVAP-COND 5.0: The Ultimate Heat Exchanger Simulation Tool for Engineers HVAC
خواه در حال طراحی مبدل حرارتی جدید، بهینه سازی یک سیستم موجود یا تحقیق در مورد مبردهای جایگزین باشید، EVAP-COND قابلیت های تجزیه و تحلیل دقیق مورد نیاز برای تصمیم گیری آگاهانه را فراهم می کند. من همه مهندسان و محققان HVAC را تشویق میکنم تا این ابزار شبیهسازی قدرتمند را کشف کنند و از نزدیک تجربه کنند که چگونه میتواند رویکرد شما را به طراحی مبدل حرارتی تغییر دهد.
دانلود کتاب درسی انتقال حرارت
این کتاب برای دانشآموزان، دانشجویان ارشد و سال اول تحصیلات تکمیلی در نظر گرفته شده است. و به کسانی که تصمیم می گیرند این موضوع را به تنهایی یاد بگیرند، و به مهندسان حرفه ای که از آن به عنوان مرجع استفاده می کنند. چه کسی به تنهایی درس بخواند و چه با کلاس، یادگیری به معنای مطرح کردن و سپس پاسخ دادن به سوالات خود است.