Refrigerant Container Colors

This guideline is intended for the guidance of the industry, including manufacturers, engineers, installers, contractors and users.

Refrig – Refrigeration Box Loads

Refrig quickly calculates the maximum refrigeration load in btu’s per 24 hour period for all types of refrigeration applications. Refrig has provision for all kinds of loads including: roofs, walls, partitions, floors, products, containers, infiltration, lights, equipment, people, defrost, compressor run-time, and more.

3E Plus Software

NAIMA’s FREE 3E Plus® software program makes it easy to calculate the appropriate insulation thickness necessary for any application. To ensure accuracy, the program has customizable inputs for every aspect of your job—and offers default values if your exact numbers aren’t available.

Refrigerants P-H Diagram

The pressure-enthalpy diagram (log P/h diagram) is a very useful tool for refrigerant technicians, engineers and researchers. Since it’s not always possible to have all of these diagrams together, we decided to give you this complete pack.

Air Filters Efficiency Classification

ASHRAE 52.2: Filter testing was originated from America in 1930 (ASHVE and AFI code). It was then reviewed and modified in 1967 and 1968. ASRHAE collaborated with American National Standard Institude (ANSI) in 1992 to create ASHRAE-ANSI 52.1. Finally updated to ASHRAE 52.2 in 2007.

Psychrometric Programming Functions

ibrary of psychrometric functions to calculate thermodynamic properties of air for Python, C, C#, Fortran, JavaScript and VBA/Excel

Lighting Rules Of Thumb (HVAC)

Using lighting rules of thumb for final design of HVAC and lighting.

Constant Volume Air Handling

Shows the general arrangement for the four-channel control of an air handling system serving one zone in which the four channels control, in sequence, heating → heat recovery → fresh air (‘free’ cooling) → chilled water-based cooling.

Solar Rotation

Solar rotation is able to vary with latitude because the Sun is composed of a gaseous plasma. The rate of rotation is observed to be fastest at the equator (latitude φ=0 deg), and to decrease as latitude increases. The differential rotation rate is usually described by the equation shown.

Thermodynamic Properties (R407A)

Thermodynamic Properties (R407A)

Thermodynamic Properties (R134A)

Thermodynamic Properties (R134A)

Thermodynamic Properties (R123)

Thermodynamic Properties (R123)

Thermodynamic Properties (R11)

Thermodynamic Properties (R11)

Refrigerants Data Summary

An updated table for Refrigerants Data.

Infiltration Rules Of Thumb

The infiltration rate is the volumetric flow rate of outside air into a building, typically in cubic feet per minute (CFM) or liters per second (LPS). The air exchange rate, (I), is the number of interior volume air changes that occur per hour, and has units of 1/h.

Trace 700 Software

TRACE 700 enables building designers to optimize the building, system and equipment designs on the basis of energy utilization and life-cycle cost. The Trane software for TRACE 700 facilitates analysis of the energy and economic effects of virtually any chiller plant configuration by allowing users to manipulate a wide range of variables and create a profile of their specific building.

Carrier Hap Software

Carrier’s Hourly Analysis Program is two powerful tools in one package – versatile features for designing HVAC systems for commercial buildings AND powerful energy analysis capabilities for comparing energy consumption and operating costs of design alternatives.

Cooling Load Calculation Procedure

Cooling Load Calculation Procedure for HVAC Design. From Obtain Building Characteristics to Outdoor Design Weather Conditions and indoor design temperature to be maintained in each space.

Cooling Load Rules Of Thumb

Cooling Load Rules Of Thumb for HVAC design of Banks, Court Houses, Municipal Buildings, Town Halls, Police Stations, Fire Stations, Post Offices, Precision Manufacturing, Computer Rooms, Restaurants, Kitchens (Depends Primarily on Kitchen Equipment), Cocktail Lounges, Bars, Taverns, Clubhouses, Nightclubs, Hospital Patient Rooms, Nursing Home Patient Rooms Buildings w/100 percent OA Systems (e.g., Laboratories, Hospitals) Medical/Dental Centers, Clinics, and Offices Residential Apartments (Eff., One-Room, Two-Room) Motel and Hotel Public Spaces Motel and Hotel Guest Rooms, Dormitories School Classrooms Dining Halls, Lunch Rooms, Cafeterias, Luncheonettes Libraries, Museums Retail, Department Stores Drug, Shoe, Dress, Jewelry, Beauty, Barber, and Other Shops Supermarkets Malls, Shopping Centers Jails Auditoriums, Theaters Churches Bowling Alleys

Indoor Design Conditions

Indoor design conditions for HVAC design of Office Buildings, Commercial Facilities
General Spaces, Educational Facilities, Food and Beverage Service, Hotels, Motels, Resorts, and Dormitories, Correctional Facilities, Retail Stores and Specialty Shops
Theaters, Sports and Entertainment, Transportation, Storage Facilities, Workrooms, Private Dwelling—Single and Multiple, Laboratories, Computer Facilities, High-Tech Industrial, Special Facilities, Hospital Nursing Units
Obstetrical Facilities, Emergency, Surgery, and Critical Care, Hospital Facility Support Areas, Diagnostic and Treatment Areas, Hospital Service Areas
Sterilizing and Supply…

Induction (Air/Water) System

Perimeter induction units – usually located under windows – blend primary air from the air-processing unit with secondary air from within the room. The high-velocity processed air delivery is induced into the unit through restrictive nozzles.

Fancoil (Air/Water) Unit And Induction Diffuser

An alternative discharge unit for application to the induction system shown on the previous page. Instead of nozzle injection of air, a low-powered fan is used to disperse a mixture of primary and secondary air after reheating or cooling from an energy exchanger within the unit.

Chilled Beams And Ceilings

Chilled beams and chilled ceilings require a relatively modest cooling water temperature (14–17°C), which can be obtained using natural cold water storage or free cooling from outside air over periods of the year depending on climate.

Dual Duct System

The dual duct system is another means of providing varying air temperatures to different rooms in the same building. There is no water circulation to peripheral discharge units with terminal reheaters or coolers. This simplifies the plumbing installation as heating and cooling elements for each duct are located in the plant room. However, the system is space consuming and adequate provision must be made in suspended ceilings or raised flooring to accommodate both distribution ducts. The system is most energy economic when heating and cooling elements operate individually.

Variable Air Volume (VAV)

The VAV system has a central air-processing unit to produce air at a specified temperature and relative humidity. The conditioned air from the main unit is conveyed in ductwork to ceiling diffusers which incorporate thermostatically controlled actuators. These can change the air volume to suit each room load. In a large room, several of these VAV ceiling units may be controlled by one room thermostat.

Humidifier

Depending on the state of the air on entering a spray washer, it can be humidified or dehumidified. Humidification in the presence of moisture is understandable, but dehumidification is less easy to comprehend. It occurs when the spray is at a lower temperature than the air and the dew point of the air.