Engineering & Knowledge

Space and Zone Airflow Sizing Calculations in HVAC Systems

Following our previous discussion on the systematic 9-step procedure for designing cooling and heating systems, it’s essential to understand the technical aspects of airflow sizing

Design Procedures for Heating-Only Systems: An 8-Step Methodology

Master the 8-step methodology for designing efficient heating-only systems to optimize HVAC performance and engineering accuracy.

Design Procedures for Cooling-Only Systems: Detailed Airflow Calculation Methodology

Table of Contents Technical Deep Dive: Airflow Calculation Methods for Cooling-Only Systems Method 1: Peak Zone Load with Coincident Space Loads Method 2: Peak Zone

Design Procedures for Heating-Only Systems: Airflow Calculation Methods and Technical Considerations

Advanced Airflow Calculation Methods for Heating-Only Systems In our previous article, we explored the 8-step methodology for designing heating-only HVAC systems. Today, we’ll delve deeper

Refrigeration Expansion Valve Sizing and Selection Process

Proper expansion valve selection is critical for refrigeration system efficiency and reliability. This guide outlines the systematic approach to sizing and selecting expansion valves based

Refrigeration Evaporator Sizing and Selection

The evaporator is a critical component in any refrigeration system, serving as the heart of the cooling process. Proper sizing and selection of evaporators directly

Lighting Rules Of Thumb (HVAC)

Master the essential lighting rules of thumb in HVAC engineering to accurately estimate heat gain and optimize your building’s cooling load calculations.

Infiltration Rules Of Thumb

Learn the essential rules of thumb for calculating building infiltration to improve the accuracy of your HVAC load calculations and energy models.

Cooling Load Calculation Procedure

Master the step-by-step cooling load calculation procedure to accurately size HVAC systems and enhance building energy efficiency.

The Geometry Behind Solar Energy Calculations

Explore the mathematical principles and geometric models used to accurately calculate and optimize solar energy absorption.

HVAC Duct Design: Duct Fittings Friction Loss

Duct fittings friction loss represents critical HVAC design calculations that determine pressure drops through elbows, tees, transitions, and other directional changes within ductwork systems. Professional engineers utilize

HVAC Duct Design: Dampers, Attenuators, and Coils Friction Loss

Dampers, attenuators, and coils friction loss represents specialized HVAC design calculations that determine pressure drops through control devices, sound attenuation equipment, and heat transfer coils within ductwork

HVAC Duct Design: Duct Round to Rectangular Equivalent

Round to rectangular duct equivalency represents a fundamental HVAC design calculation that enables engineers to convert between circular and rectangular ductwork while maintaining equivalent airflow characteristics and

HVAC Duct Design: Duct Friction Loss

Duct friction loss represents a fundamental HVAC design calculation that determines pressure drop through straight ductwork sections due to air friction against duct surfaces. Professional engineers utilize

HVAC Duct Design: Duct Pressure Classification

Duct pressure classification represents a fundamental HVAC design principle that establishes construction standards based on the operating static pressure within ductwork systems. Professional engineers utilize SMACNA pressure

HVAC Duct Design – Sizing Contaminant-Extraction Ducts (Smoke | Grease | Gases | Dry & Moist Dust)

ASHRAE’s Pocket Guide lists minimum conveying velocities that keep contaminants airborne while they travel through exhaust ductwork. Table 2.9 (2013 edition, Ch. 02, pp. 60

HVAC Duct Design: Commercial Kitchen Duct Sizing

Commercial kitchen duct sizing represents a specialized HVAC design discipline that addresses the unique requirements of grease-laden vapor removal, high-temperature exhaust, fire safety, and code compliance in

HVAC Duct Design: Duct Sizing by Velocity & Noise Criteria (NC)

Duct sizing by velocity and noise criteria (NC) represents a fundamental HVAC design methodology that determines appropriate duct dimensions based on maximum acceptable air velocities and noise

HVAC Duct Design: Duct Sizing by Equal Friction Method

The Equal Friction Method represents a fundamental HVAC duct sizing approach that maintains constant pressure loss per unit length throughout the main duct runs, providing a systematic

HVAC Duct Design: Duct Sizing SMACNA Recommendations

SMACNA (Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors’ National Association) duct sizing recommendations represent fundamental HVAC design methodologies for calculating appropriate duct dimensions to deliver required airflow while

Digital Tools & Resources

Belimo SelectPro – Free Download

SelectPro is a quick and simple tool for accurately sizing and selecting valves, actuators, sensors and replacement solutions for HVAC systems. Table of Contents Key

Rates Of Thermal Expansion For Common Pipe Materials

In modern HVAC, energy, and process industries, pipe material selection is not just about cost or standard practices—it’s about anticipating expansion and contraction risks driven by a dynamic climate and extreme operational temperatures. Understanding the rates of thermal expansion for common pipe

Fundamentals & Engineering